winhq Scientists struggle to explain record surge in global heat
Dead fish lie on the banks of a drying marsh in Chibayish in Iraq’s southern Dhi Qar province on July 5, 2023, home to fabled marshes in the floodplain of the Tigris river, already suffering from the effects of global warming. Agence France-Presse
PARIS — The world has been getting hotter for decades but a sudden and extraordinary surge in heat has sent the climate deeper into uncharted territory — and scientists are still trying to figure out why.
In a statement on Monday, GSIS said the transport hub dubbed as ‘Project Hub’, will be located at the corner of the Elliptical Road and Commonwealth Avenue.
The National Union of Healthcare Workers, which represents the employees, is negotiating a new contract with the Oakland-based health giant. It said the strikers demand Kaiser hire more people to ease the burden put on the current staff.
Over the past two years, temperature records have been repeatedly shattered by a streak so persistent and puzzling it has tested the best-available scientific predictions about how the climate functions.
Article continues after this advertisementScientists are unanimous that burning fossil fuels has largely driven long-term global warming, and that natural climate variability can also influence temperatures one year to the next.
FEATURED STORIES GLOBALNATION Island Cove’s jobless: The other side of the Pogo ban GLOBALNATION Mary Jane Veloso transferred to Jakarta ahead of return to PH GLOBALNATION US warship docks in Cambodia amid China naval base concernsREAD: World sweltered as April smashed global heat records
But they are still debating what might have contributed to this particularly exceptional heat surge.
Article continues after this advertisementExperts think changes in cloud patterns, airborne pollution, and Earth’s ability to store carbon could be factors, but it would take another year or two for a clearer picture to emerge.
Article continues after this advertisement“Warming in 2023 was head-and-shoulders above any other year, and 2024 will be as well,” said Gavin Schmidt, director of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, in November.
Article continues after this advertisement“I wish I knew why, but I don’t,” he added.
READ: 2024 ‘increasingly likely’ to be warmest on record – EU monitor
Article continues after this advertisement“We’re still in the process of assessing what happened and if we are seeing a shift in how the climate system operates.”
‘Uncharted territory’When burned, fossil fuels emit greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide that trap heat near the Earth’s surface.
As fossil fuel emissions have risen to record highs in 2023, average sea surface and air temperatures have curved upwards in a consistent, decades-long warming trend.
But in an unprecedented streak between June 2023 and September 2024, global temperatures were unlike anything seen before, said the World Meteorological Organization — and sometimes by a considerable margin.
The heat was so extreme it was enough to make 2023 — and then 2024 — the hottest years in history.
“The record global warmth of the past two years has sent the planet well into uncharted territory,” Richard Allan, a climate scientist from the UK’s University of Reading, told AFP.
What occurred was “at the limit of what we would expect based on existing climate models”, Sonia Seneviratne, a climatologist from ETH Zurich in Switzerland, told AFP.
“But the overall long-term warming tendency is not unexpected” given the amount of fossil fuels being burned, she added.
‘Difficult to explain’Scientists said that climate variability could go some way to explaining what happened.
2023 was preceded by a rare, three-year La Nina phenomenon that had a strong cooling effect on the planet by pushing excess heat into the deep oceans.
This energy was released back to the surface when an opposite, warming El Nino event took over in mid-2023, boosting global temperatures.
But the heat has lingered even after El Nino peaked in January.
Temperatures have not fallen as fast as they rose, and November was still the second-warmest on record.
“It is difficult to explain this at the moment,” said Robert Vautard, a member of the UN’s climate expert panel IPCC. “We lack a bit of perspective.
“If temperatures do not drop more sharply in 2025, we will really have to ask ourselves questions about the cause,” he told AFP.
Jury outScientists are looking for clues elsewhere.
One theory is that a global shift to cleaner shipping fuels in 2020 accelerated warming by reducing sulphur emissions that make clouds more mirror-like and reflective of sunlight.
In December, another peer-reviewed paper looked at whether a reduction in low-lying clouds had let more heat reach Earth’s surface.
At the American Geophysical Union conference this month, Schmidt convened scientists to explore these theories and others, including whether solar cycles or volcanic activity offered any hints.
There are concerns that without a more complete picture, scientists could be missing even more profound and transformational shifts in the climate.
“We cannot exclude that some other factors also further amplified the temperatures… the verdict is still out,” said Seneviratne.
Scientists this year warned that Earth’s carbon sinks — such as the forests and oceans that suck CO2 from the atmosphere — had suffered an “unprecedented weakening” in 2023.
This month, the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration said the Arctic tundra, after locking away C02 for millennia, was becoming a net source of emissions.
Oceans, which have acted as a massive carbon sink and climate regulator, were warming at a rate scientists “cannot fully explain”, said Johan Rockstrom of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research.
starlight princess slotSubscribe to our daily newsletter
“Could this be a first sign of a planet starting to show a loss of resilience? We cannot exclude itwinhq,” he said last month.
READ NEXT ‘Eyelash viper’, leaf-nosed bat among new species ... Top South Korean court begins Yoon impeachment trial EDITORS' PICK Kevin Quiambao Korea-bound to ‘pursue NBA dream’ Kanlaon Volcano emits ash anew Oil price hike of 80¢/L starting Dec 17 Mary Jane Veloso transferred to Jakarta ahead of return to PH For some, Christmas isn’t always a happy time ‘LOTR: The War of the Rohirrim’ takes inspiration from animé MOST READ Comelec probes possible sharing of voters in some areas Legarda concern about education budget cuts; seeks transparency Island Cove’s jobless: The other side of the Pogo ban Solons fear VP Duterte's vow to face impeach raps is just lip service Follow @FMangosingINQ on Twitter --> View comments